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Tornjak

Origin

šŸ‡­šŸ‡·

Croatia

Size

Large Breed

Ideal Space

House with Farm Area

Ideal Weather

10Āŗ-30ĀŗC

Avg Monthly Expenses

ā‚¹5,700

Basic Lifestyle

ā‚¹8,550

Premium Lifestyle

Top 5 Traits

Loyal

Protective

Fearless

Intelligent

Disciplined

Tornjak

Quick Information

The Tornjak, also known as the Bosnian and Herzegovinianā€“Croatian Shepherd Dog, has been used for centuries to guard livestock against predators. With its large, sturdy frame and thick coat, this breed is well-suited to endure harsh weather conditions, making it an excellent protector in rural and mountainous regions. Its calm, patient nature helps it remain vigilant without unnecessary aggression, a trait that sets it apart from other guard dogs.


This breed is deeply loyal and forms a strong bond with its family. Tornjaks are intelligent and highly trainable, though they do have an independent streak, a reflection of their long history as working dogs. They need an owner who can provide consistent leadership. Though protective, Tornjaks are not overly aggressive; they prefer to assess situations before reacting, making them excellent guardians of both property and livestock.


In terms of temperament, the Tornjak is calm and friendly with family members, including children. They are typically reserved with strangers but not overly hostile. This breed is known for its protective instincts and will not hesitate to defend its family or flock if threatened. While they are relatively independent, Tornjaks appreciate human interaction and benefit from regular mental and physical exercise to maintain their well-being.

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Characteristics

Barking

Quiet

Loud

Temperament with Kids

Aggressive

Friendly

Playfulness

Silent

Very Playful

Friendliness

Not Friendly

Super Friendly

Compatibility with other dogs

Aggressive

Friendly

Need for attention

Independent

Very Needy

Monthly Expenses

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Nutrition

Monthly Food Expenses

ā‚¹ 3,000 - ā‚¹ 4,500

Calories per day

Puppies:Ā 1800 kcal

Adults:Ā 2250 kcal

Essential Nutrients

Protein

Fats

Carbohydrates

Fibre

Vitamins

Minerals

List of foods

Dry Dog Food

Fresh Meat

Fresh Fish

Fruits

Vegetables

Home made meals

Chicken

The Tornjak, being a large and active breed, requires a well-balanced diet that is rich in high-quality proteins, fats, and essential nutrients. As a working dog with a history of guarding livestock, Tornjaks thrive on a diet that supports their muscular frame, energy demands, and overall health. Protein should be the cornerstone of their diet, as it promotes muscle development and maintenance, while fats provide the energy needed to sustain their active lifestyle. The addition of fiber ensures a healthy digestive system, preventing issues like bloating or indigestion.


Carbohydrates play an important role as an energy source for this breed, especially if the Tornjak is involved in rigorous activities. Fresh vegetables and fruits provide the necessary vitamins and minerals that enhance their immune system and overall vitality. Itā€™s essential to ensure that the dog receives a diet that is balanced and provides all the nutrients in the right proportion for optimal health.


Note: These are general guidelines. Consult a veterinarian to determine the specific dietary needs of your dog.

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Breakdown of Macro-nutrients

Selecting Good Quality Food

Feeding a Tornjak high-quality food is critical for their long-term health and wellbeing. A diet primarily consisting of premium protein sources such as chicken, mutton, and fish is ideal for maintaining their muscular physique. These protein sources not only help in muscle repair and growth but also ensure that their energy levels remain high throughout the day. Including fresh meats along with dry dog food ensures a balanced intake of essential amino acids, helping to support the dog's natural guarding and working instincts.


To maintain coat health and skin integrity, fats derived from healthy sources like fish oil or animal fats should be incorporated. Tornjaks also benefit from homemade meals that are carefully balanced with vegetables and grains. These meals provide essential carbohydrates for energy, fiber for digestion, and minerals that support bone health. Incorporating a variety of food items while sticking to high-quality ingredients will give your Tornjak a well-rounded and complete diet.

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Never feed these foods to Tornjak

Avoid anything with these ingredients

Alcohol

Avocados

Cherries

Coffee / Tea

Dairy

Xylitol

Mushrooms

Onions

Milk Products

Tornjaks should avoid foods that are high in artificial additives, preservatives, and fillers. Low-quality dog food that contains excessive amounts of corn, soy, or wheat can lead to allergic reactions, digestive issues, and weight gain. These ingredients do not provide the necessary nutrients that the Tornjak needs, and over time, they can lead to obesity and a weakened immune system. Avoiding foods that contain excessive sugar or artificial flavorings is equally important, as they contribute to poor dental health and could result in unwanted weight gain.


Foods high in fat without proper nutritional balance, such as fatty scraps or processed meats, should also be avoided. These can lead to pancreatitis, obesity, and other health complications. Additionally, feeding the Tornjak bones or foods with sharp fragments may cause gastrointestinal issues or blockages. By avoiding these unsuitable food items and focusing on natural, whole foods, you can ensure that your Tornjak lives a healthy and balanced life.

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Health

Avg Monthly Expenses

ā‚¹ 1,500 - ā‚¹ 2,250

Common Health Issues

Bloat

Hip Dysplasia

Parasites

Heartworm

Leptospirosis

Lyme disease

Parvovirus

Rabies

Elbow dysplasia

Canine distemper

Von Willebrand's Disease

Well being

Exercise

Bonding

Games

Socialization

Hiking

Energy Level

High

Exercise routine

60 - 90 minutes

Recognising Stress

Changes in appetite

Excessive Barking

Excessive Panting

Reluctance to move

Pacing

Increased laziness

Medical Care

The Tornjak is generally a healthy breed, but like all large dogs, it can be prone to certain health conditions. Hip dysplasia is one of the most common issues found in Tornjaks, leading to joint pain and mobility problems if left untreated. Bloat is another concern, as their deep chests make them susceptible to gastric torsion, a life-threatening condition that requires immediate medical attention. Regular checkups and monitoring are essential to prevent and manage these conditions, as early detection can help prolong the dogā€™s active life.


Parasites, both internal and external, are also common in Tornjaks due to their love for outdoor activities. These can range from ticks carrying Lyme disease to intestinal worms, and itā€™s crucial to maintain a regular deworming and tick prevention schedule. Tornjaks are resilient, but they need vaccination against canine diseases like distemper and influenza, which can affect them due to their exposure to various environments and other dogs. Keeping their immune system strong through vaccinations and proper diet plays a major role in maintaining their overall health.

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Vaccination details

Growth Stage

Core Vaccines

6-8 weeks

Distemper, Parvovirus,Hepatitis, Parainfluenza

10-12 weeks

DHPP Booster

14-16 weeks

Rabies

Annually

DHPP Booster, Rabies

Recommendations to care for senior Tornjak dogs

As Tornjaks age, they may experience joint issues such as arthritis, which is common in large breeds. Senior Tornjaks should have regular vet visits to monitor their mobility and be placed on joint supplements to help alleviate discomfort. A proper diet tailored for senior dogs, which includes a balance of protein and fewer calories, can help prevent obesity and the added strain it puts on their joints. Additionally, maintaining a moderate exercise routine helps keep their muscles toned without overexerting them.


In their senior years, Tornjaks may also become more prone to dental issues and vision problems. Regular dental checkups and cleanings are essential to prevent infections and tooth loss, while eye exams can detect conditions like cataracts early. Maintaining an environment that is comfortable and free from stressors will help keep their mental health in check. Senior Tornjaks benefit from consistent routines, light exercise, and bonding activities to ensure they remain active and healthy as they age.


Important Note: This information is for general guidance only. Always consult a qualified veterinarian for personalized advice.

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Grooming

Avg Monthly Expenses

ā‚¹ 1,200 - ā‚¹ 1,800

Shedding Level

Moderate Shedding

Hygienic Checklist

Bathing

Brushing

Ear Cleaning

Eye Care

Nail Trimming

Teeth Care

Benefits of Grooming

Cleanliness

Low Shedding

Odourless

Prevents Bad Breath

Prevents infections

Quality of life

The Tornjakā€™s dense, weather-resistant coat is one of its most defining features, designed to protect the dog in harsh climates. However, this beautiful coat requires consistent grooming to keep it in top condition. Brushing at least two to three times a week is essential to manage shedding and prevent the coat from becoming tangled or matted, particularly during the spring and fall when shedding increases. This not only keeps the coat looking clean but also distributes natural oils, which maintain its sheen and protect the skin from irritation. Over-bathing should be avoided, as too much can strip these essential oils, leading to dryness or damage to the coat's protective barrier. Instead, bathing should be reserved for times when the Tornjak is particularly dirty or starts to smell.


In addition to coat care, other grooming tasks are equally important for the Tornjakā€™s health. Nails should be trimmed every few weeks to prevent discomfort or pain from overgrowth, which could cause issues in their gait or joint health. Ear cleaning is particularly important for Tornjaks that spend a lot of time outdoors, as dirt, debris, and moisture can easily accumulate and lead to infections if not cleaned regularly. By maintaining a consistent grooming routine, you can enhance not only the Tornjakā€™s appearance but also its health, preventing infections and promoting a better quality of life.

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Adopt or Shop: The choice is yours!

Cost of buying

ā‚¹ 30,000 - ā‚¹ 80,000

Buying or adopting are the two main possibilities if you're thinking about getting a Tornjak for your house.


Buying: Selecting a reliable breeder is crucial when purchasing a pet. Make sure the breeder gives the dogs the care they need and adheres to moral breeding procedures.


To confirm the dog's health and pedigree, request health certificates and lineage documentation.


Cost of a Tornjak depends on a number of variables including ancestry, potential for show quality, and breeder reputation.


Adopting: Offering a needy pet a loving home through adoption is a fantastic choice. See if any breed-specific rescues, local animal shelters, or rescue organizations have a Tornjak up for adoption.


Vaccinations, spaying/neutering, and initial medical care are usually included in adoption fees. These charges differ, but they are typically less than what it would cost to purchase from a breeder.

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Prerequisites to pet a Tornjak

Access to Veterinary

Space and Environment

Willingness to train

Time and Effort

Financial Capability

Lifestyle Compatibility

Now that you know what it takes to raise a undefined, are you ready to take the next step to pet one?

Research: Do a thorough review of the traits, requirements, and possible health problems of the breed. Ensure that the Tornjak breed is a good fit for your lifestyle.


Find Reputable Sources: When purchasing from breeders, look out for trustworthy breeders who have an emphasis on the temperament and well-being of the dogs. If you're thinking about adopting, check out the local rescue or animal shelters.


Visit the Breeder/Adoption Center: Make plans to meet the dogs or pups by scheduling a visit to the breeder or adoption center. Inquire about their health, immunization history, and socializing while keeping an eye on their living conditions.


Ask for documentation: Ask the breeder for vaccination records, health certificates, and any other relevant paperwork. If the dog is being adopted, find out about its past, present health, and behavior.


Prepare your home: Create a safe and comfortable space for your dog. Prepare your house for a puppy if you're adopting a young dog. Ensure you have the necessary supplies, including food, bowls, a bed, and grooming tools.

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Compare with similar breeds

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Alaskan Malamute_breed

Alaskan Malamute

Frequently Asked Questions

Do Tornjaks have any behavioral issues?

Tornjaks may exhibit traits such as territorial aggression or excessive barking if they have not been properly trained and socialized from a young age.

Do Tornjaks require a huge space?

Tornjaks do require plenty of space to roam and exercise, therefore they are best suited to homes with large yards or rural environments.

What is the ideal diet for Tornjaks?

Tornjaks thrive on a high-quality diet formulated for large breeds that includes protein-rich foods and balanced nutrition.

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